Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook farfalle according to package directions until al dente. Reserve ¼ cup pasta water, then drain.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add chicken, season lightly with salt and pepper, and cook for 4–5 minutes until golden and cooked through. Remove chicken from skillet and set aside.
In the same skillet, melt butter over medium-low heat. Add garlic and cook for 30 seconds, just until fragrant.
Stir in chicken broth and heavy cream. Bring to a gentle simmer.
Add Parmesan cheese, lemon zest, lemon juice, Italian seasoning, and red pepper flakes if using. Stir until the sauce is smooth and lightly thickened
Return the cooked chicken to the skillet, then add the cooked farfalle. Toss to coat evenly. Use reserved pasta water as needed to loosen the sauce.
Remove from heat. Taste and adjust seasoning.
Garnish with fresh herbs and serve warm.